Energy Conservation for Environmental Protection, Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection, Health and Environmental Effects of Primary Pollutants ›, Lesson 4a: Fossil Fuels and Products of Combustion, Introduction to Fossil Fuels and Products of Combustion, Health and Environmental Effects of Primary Pollutants, Health and Environmental Effects of Primary Pollutants, page 2, Lesson 4b: Global and Regional Effects of Secondary Pollutants, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, iMPS in Renewable Energy and Sustainability Policy Program Office, BA in Energy and Sustainability Policy Program Office, 2217 Earth and Engineering Sciences Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802. Complete combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel results in very few byproducts, primarily carbon dioxide and water along with a few oxides. Complete combustion of hydrocarbons (without impurities) in the presence of enough oxygen produces water vapor and carbon dioxide. It is important to strive for complete combustion to preserve fuel and improve the cost efficiency of the combustion process. This includes central-heating systems, space heaters, water heaters, ovens and cooktops, woodstoves, and fireplaces. The chart below shows the trend in carbon dioxide emissions from 1980. Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions are all produced during fuel oil combustion. As the reaction equation illustrates, carbon dioxide gas is produced when octane is burned. From: Bioenergy, 2015 Coal combustion products (CCP's) are the inorganic residues that remain after pulverized coal is burned. Boilers, furnaces, kilns, incinerators and ovens need high-flow capability, and often … STOICHIOMETRY OF HYDROCARBONS OXIDATION It is important that for one mole of fuel CmHn there is necessary exactly: (m + n/4) moles of oxygen for complete combustion. Ignition temp. Author: Dr. Sarma Pisupati, Professor, Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, College of Earth and Mineral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University. In addition to environmental tobacco smoke, other sources of combustion products are: 1. unvented kerosene and gas space heaters 2. woodstoves 3. fireplaces 4. gas stoves The major pollutants released are: 1. carbon monoxide 2. nitrogen dioxide 3. particles Unvented kerosene heaters may also generate acid aerosols. Thrust comes from the repulsion of products flowing out of a nozzle. Do not let a fire within a wood heater smolder, especially just before opening the firebox, Change your furnace and air conditioning filters every couple of months if using them often. Particulate matter (PM) is the general term used to describe a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. The products that are formed during combustion of fossil fuels are shown in the image below: Fossil fuels consisting mainly of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen produce the following products during combustion: The primary pollutants are Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Sulfur (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NOx), Nitric Oxide (N2O), Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and Hydrocarbons (HCs). This is an equation of stoichiometry of combustion. How well the appliance is designed, built, installed and maintained affects the by-products it creates. Gasoline has two problems when burned in car engines. Thus, efficient combustion management should be implemented. Combustion is complete when 100 percent of the energy in the fuel has been extracted. Look for air cleaners that are certified to release low amounts of ozone. Our proprietary nano-technology reduces maintenance costs and helps extend oil drain intervals in most cases. Contact Us, Privacy & Legal Statements | Copyright Information The chemical bonds of the hydrocarbons break and are replaced by the bonds of water and carbon dioxide. The minimum ignition temperature at atmospheric pressure for some substances are: carbon 400 C, gasoline 260 C, hydrogen 580 C, carbon monoxide 610 C, methane 630 C." 533 K 2217 Earth and Engineering Sciences Building, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 Harmful levels of CO indoors built, installed and maintained affects the by-products it creates of experiencing health from... To buy an air Cleaner may further improve air quality State 's of. In nature gasoline engines µm ( micro meter ) in fuel oil is converted to CO2during the combustion process exhaust... Trucks ) and industrial sources ) by-products are gases and small particles throat. Of PM depends on location, time of year, and weather > 21 % ) 4 AFR... 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